Perl Hash Maps

Perl Hash Maps/associative arrays

ASSIGNING HASH VALUES

  • hash tables consist of key/value pairs
  • every key is followed by a value

    values can be assigned to hash tables as

    %states=
    
    ("California","Sacramento","Wisconsin","Madison","New York","Albany");
    
    

    We can also use => operator to identify the

    key to the left, and the value to the right; if the => operator

    encounters bare words in key positions, they will be automatically

    quoted (note “New York”, however, which consists of two words

    and MUST be quoted

    %states=
    
    (California=>"Sacramento",Wisconsin=>"Madison","New York"=>"Albany");
    
    

    In above example California is key and Sacromento is value.

    Similarily Wisconsin is key and Madison is value.

    Printing:

    print "Capital of California is " . $states{"California"} . "nn";
    
    

    printing all values(using for loop):

    #!/usr/bin/perl
    
    %states=
    
    (California=>"Sacramento",Wisconsin=>"Madison","New York"=>"Albany");
    
    foreach my $keys(keys %states)
    
    {
    
      print "KEY:$keys VALUE:$states{$keys}n";
    
    
    
    }
    
    
    
    output
    
    KEY:Wisconsin VALUE:Madison
    
    KEY:New York VALUE:Albany
    
    KEY:California VALUE:Sacramento
    
    
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